STATUS REVIEW OF Clavtonia lanceolata var. f lava
U.S. FOREST SERVICE - REGION 1
BEAVERHEAD, DEERLODGE AND GALLATIN NATIONAL FORESTS
MONTANA
Prepared by:
J. Stephen Shelly, Botanist
Montana Natural Heritage Program
State Library Building
1515 E. 6th Avenue
Helena, MT 59620
Order No. 43-0398-8-0347
January 1989
TABLE OF CONTENTS
Page
I. SPECIES INFORMATION
A. Classification . .
B. Present legal or other formal status . 2
C. Description . 3
D. Geographical distribution . 4
E. Habitat . ! ! ! ,' . 9
F. Population demography and biology . .
G. Population ecology. . 12
H. Land ownership (Montana) . 14
II. ASSESSMENT AND MANAGEMENT RECOMMENDATIONS
A. Threats to currently known populations (Montana) . 15
B. Management practices and response . .
C. Recommendations for maintaining viable populations ... 17
D. Recommendations for further assessment . 18
E. Summary . !!!'*' 18
III. LITERATURE CITED . 2 0
IV. ELEMENT OCCURRENCE PRINT-OUTS AND MAPS . 21
V. PHOTOGRAPHS
APPENDIX A
41
I.
SPECIES INFORMATION
A. CLASSIFICATION
1. SCIENTIFIC NAME: Claytonia lanceolata Pursh var.
(A. Nels.) C.L. Hitchc. (Hitchcock et al.
1969) . - -
2. SYNONYMS: C. aurea A. Nelson (1900; not of Kuntze
in 1891) ; C. flava A. Nelson (1926) .
3. COMMON NAME: Yellow springbeauty .
4. FAMILY: Portulacaceae (Purslane family) .
5. GENUS: According to Davis (1966), the genus
Claytonia consists of 19 or 20 species, 15 of
which occur in North America.
6. SPECIES/VARIETY: According to the taxonomic
treatment by Hitchcock ^ (1969), Claytonia
lanceolata is a wide-ranging, variable species
consisting of four varieties; chrvsantha . flava .
iBultiscapa, and typical lanceolata . The latter
variety has the widest geographic distribution,
occurring throughout western North America from
British Columbia to southern California, and east
to Alberta and New Mexico. The other three
varieties are restricted to smaller geographic
areas within the range of var. lanceolata.
7. SYSTEMATIC STATUS: As part of this assessment of
the endangerment status of C. lanceolata var.
the U.S. Forest Service and the U.S.
Fish and Wildlife Service, detailed studies of its
systematic status are also being conducted. These
studies have included an analysis of the extent of
genetic differentiation between vars. flava and
lanceolata (using electrophoresis) , as well as
mcprphological studies of living plants in the
field. The results of the electrophoretic study
(conducted by Dr. Douglas Soltis' laboratory.
Department of Botany, Washington State University)
indicate that the two varieties are well
•differentiated genetically, apparently at the
species level (Appendix A, p. 37) . The
morphological data also support taxonomic
treatment of var. flava as a distinct species.
These results are to be published in the
systematic literature once all analyses are
complete. The final conclusions will be provided
to the U.S. Forest Service.
2
B. PRESENT LEGAL OR OTHER FORMAL STATUS
1. FEDERAL STATUS
a. U.S. FISH AND WILDLIFE SERVICE: Clavtonia
lanceolata var. f lava is currently included
in Category 2 of the U.S. Fish and Wildlife
Service Notice of Review (U.S. Department of
Interior 1985) , under consideration for
federal listing as a threatened taxon.
Category 2 taxa are those "...for which
information now in possession of the Service
indicates that proposing to list them as
endangered or threatened species is possibly
appropriate, but for which substantial data
on biological vulnerability and threat (s) are
not currently known or on file to support the
immediate preparation of rules" (= federal
candidate taxa) .
b. U.S. FOREST SERVICE; Clavtonia lanceolata
var. flava is currently included on the list
of sensitive plant species for Region 1
(Northern Region) of the U.S. Forest Service.
Agency objectives and policy in the 1984
Forest Service Manual provide for the
management and protection of sensitive
species (Section 2670.32). Under these
guidelines, the U.S. Forest Service is to
"(a) void or minimize impacts to species whose
viability has been identified as a concern"
(2670.32.3), and is to "(e)stablish
objectives for Federal candidate species, in
cooperation with the FWS...and the states"
(2670.32.5) .
2. STATE; Clavtonia lanceolata var. flava is
currently listed by the Montana Natural Heritage
Program (Shelly 1988) as "critically imperiled in
the state" (state rank = SI) . It was recommended
for listing as "threatened" (any species that is
likely to become an endangered species within the
foreseeable future throughout all or a significant
portion of its range in the state) by the Montana
Rare Plant Project (Lesica ^ 1984) .
These state ranks do not currently provide any
direct legal protection for C. lanceolata var.
flay^. Through its inclusion on the Region 1
sensitive plant list, the taxon has legal
protection under U.S. Forest Service agency
policies (W. Ruediger, pers. comm.).
3
C. DESCRIPTION
1. GENERAL NONTECHNICAL DESCRIPTION: Clavtonia
l^nceolata var. flava is a small perennial herb,
with stems that arise from deep-seated corms. The
aboveground portions of the stems are about 2-6
inches tall. The middle of each stem bears two
cppposite leaves, which are much longer (ca. 2-4
inches long) than wide (ca. 1/4-1/2 inch wide) .
The tops of the stems bear from 2 to 12 or more
flowers; the results of current systematic studies
indicate that the petals may be either yellow or
white. The five petals are rounded at the tips,
and narrow to a small base. In Montana, the
plants are generally in bloom from mid-May to mid-
June, although at the highest elevations some
flowers may persist into early July. See Section
V, p. 32, for color photos of plants and habitat.
2. TECHNICAL DESCRIPTION: Glabrous perennial from a
usually rather deep-seated, semiglobose corm 5-20
(40) mm. in diameter; basal leaves (often lacking
in flowering plants) 1 or 2, narrowly
oblanceolate, 2-10 mm. broad, up to about 10 cm.
long (including the subterranean portion of the
slender petiole); flowering stems 1-several, up to
about 12 cm. tall (not including the subterranean
portion or raceme) , bearing (from slightly below
to above midlength) 2 opposite, sessile or
subsessile, narrowly lanceolate leaves that are
commonly about 3-10 (12) mm. wide and 2-6 cm.
long; racemes loosely (2) 3- to 12-flowered, often
SGCund, reduced— bracteate below; pedicels stout to
slender, 1-5 cm. long, usually arched-recurved in
fruit; sepals 4-7 mm. long; corolla deep yellow or
white, the petals 7—12 mm. long; stamens 5,
basally adnate to the petals; styles 3; capsule
ovoid, firm-walled, about 4 mm. long; seeds (1-2)
3-6, black and shining, 2-2.5 mm. long, very
indistinctly warty— papillate, with a fairly
evident strophiole (adapted from Hitchcock et al
1964) . —
3. LOCAL FIELD CHARACTERS: The two varieties of
Clayton i a lanceolata that occur in Montana (vars.
^..ava ^ and lanceolata) both possess deep-seated,
roundish corms. However, recent systematic
studies indicate that the two are distinguishable
by leaf morphology. Variety flava has leaves
which are much longer than wide, being lanceolate
(often narrowly so) in shape. Variety lanceolata
has leaves that are typically shorter and broader.
In addition, var*. flava can have either yellow or
white flowers, with petals that are most often
4
rounded at the tips. Variety lanceolata possesses
white petals that are frequently tinged and/or
lined with pink, and that are often notched at the
tips .
D. GEOGRAPHICAL DISTRIBUTION
1. RANGE; Clavtonia lanceol ata var. flava is a
regional endemic, known from east-central Idaho
(Fremont County) , northwestern Wyoming (Fremont
County) , and southwestern Montana (Beaverhead,
Deerlodge, Gallatin, Jefferson, and Silver Bow
counties) . it is known to occur on the
Beaverhead, Deerlodge, and Gallatin National
Forests in Montana (U.S. Forest Service, Region
1) , and on the Shoshone National Forest in Wyoming
(U.S. Forest Service, Region 2). The distribution
i-^hceolata var. flava in Montana is shown in
Figure 1, p. 5. The exact locations are shown on
the maps provided in Section IV, pp. 27-31.
2 . CURRENT SITES (MONTANA) ; Clavtonia lanceolata
var. flava is recently documented (1988) from five
sites. All of these sites occur wholly or
partially on U.S. Forest Service lands. The
locations of these sites, including the legal
descriptions, latitude and longitude, elevations,
and USGS topographic quadrangle names, are
provided in Table 1, p. 6. Field surveys were
conducted by the author and Peter Lesica (Division
of Biological Sciences, University of Montana) on
8 May, 17-18 May, 25-27 May, 4 June, and 10 June,
1988. Field surveys were also conducted by Lisa
Schassberger (Montana Natural Heritage Program) on
5-9 June, 1988. Assistance with field surveys was
provided by Ken Scow (WESTECH, Helena) and Jan
Nixon (Bozeman) .
Throughout this report, the three-digit occurrence
numbers are indicated in parentheses after the
site names; these correspond to the occurrence
numbers provided in the tables and computer print¬
outs .
3. HISTORICAL SITES; It is believed that the surveys
at the Lockhart Meadows (001) and French Creek
(002) sites represent the rediscovery of two
historical collections, in 1966 ("Champion Pass")
and 1911 ("Anaconda"), respectively. The original
collection from the Champion Pass area was made by
F. Trask (377, MONT); the location on this
specimen was given as "(n)ear Champion Pass on
Boulder Road, 11 mi. SE. of Deer Lodge." This
vicinity was surveyed in detail, but no highly
miles
6
TABLE 1.
Claytonia lanceolata var. f lava locations wholly or partially occurring on
U.S. Forest Service lands, Montana.
Occurrence number: 001
Site name: LOCKHART MEADOWS (CHAMPION PASS)
COUNTY: JEFFERSON
Township & Range: 006N008W Sections: 35 NE'4; 25 26 SE'A; 36
006N007W Sections: 30 NWA; 31 SWA
005N008W Sections: 1; 2 NE'ANE'A
Latitude: 461409 Longitude: 1123325 Elevation: 6550
uses Quad: BUTTE NORTH (15')
Location: POWDERHORN CREEK AND LOCKHART MEADOWS, UPPER BOULDER RIVER DRAINAGE 2 6-3 0
AIR MILES ENE TO SOUTHEAST OF CHAMPION PASS.
Occurrence number: 002
Site name: FRENCH CREEK (ANACONDA)
COUNTY: DEER LODGE
Township & Range: 002N012W Sections: 12 NWA; 1; 2; 11
003N011W Section: 31
003N012W Sections: 25; 35; 36
Latitude: 455641 Longitude: 1130225 Elevation: 6500
uses Quad: LINCOLN GULCH
Location: FRENCH AND CALIFORNIA CREEKS, MT. HAGGIN WILDLIFE MANAGEMENT AREA, ALONG HWY 274
CA. 17.5-20 MILES SSW OF ANACONDA.
12 NWA; 1; 2; 11
31
25; 35; 36
25 Elevation:
Occurrence number: 003
Site name: VI POND PARK
COUNTY: BEAVERHEAD
Townships Range: 002S011W Sections: 2; 1 N'A; 11 WA, S2SE'A; 12 SWASWA; 13 NWA- 14 N'A
001S011W Section: 35 SE'A
Latitude: 454154 Longitude: 1125508 Elevation: 8200
USGS Quad: VIPOND PARK (15)
Location: PIONEER MOUNTAINS, CA. 8 MILES SOUTH OF DEWEY, UP QUARTZ HILL GULCH RD TO
VIPOND PARK; EAST OF ROAD.
Occurrence number: 004
Site name: HEBGEN LAKE
COUNTY: GALLATIN
Township & Range: 013S004E Sections: 3 SWA; 4 SE'A; 9 NE'A; 10 N'A; 14 NWA- 15- 23 NWA
Latitude: 444338 Longitude: 1111359 Elevation: 6550 ' '
USGS Quad: MADISON ARM
Location: SOUTH OF HEBGEN LAKE, WEST SIDE OF MADISON VALLEY, CA. 0.5-3 AIR MILES SOUTH OF
LONESOMEHURST CAMPGROUND, EAST AND SOUTH OF HEBGEN LAKE RD. (#167).
TABLE 1.
(cont. ).
Occurrence number: 005
Site name: BURTON PARK
COUNTY: SILVER BOW
Township & Range: 001N008W Sections: 27 SWANE'A, NE'ANW’A, E'/jSE'A; 20 E'/zSE'A; 22 S'/jSWA;
26 SWASWA; 35 NWANWA
Latitude: 454840 Longitude: 1123447 Elevation: 6880
uses Quad: BUTTE SOUTH (15)
Location: HIGHLAND MOUNTAINS, BURTON PARK AND UPPER NORTH FORK TUCKER CREEK, CA. 12 AIR
MILES SSW. OF BUTTE; ALONG HIGHLAND RD. (N.F. RD. #84).
8
suitable habitat is found until approximately 1.5
air miles east of Champion Pass along Powderhorn
Creek. The first collection from the Anaconda
area was originally made by Dr. C.C. Albright
(Ml, MONT) ; the location was given as "Anaconda,
mountain swales." The immediate Anaconda vicinity
also does not contain any suitable habitat (P.
Lesica, pers. comm.; J.s. Shelly, pers. obs.). It
is likely that the latter specimen was taken from
the extensive, higher-elevation meadows in the
French Creek area, approximately 14 air miles SSW.
of Anaconda.
UNVERIFIED/UNDOCUMENTED REPORTS: None known.
AREAS SURVEYED BUT TAXON NOT LOCATED; The
following areas were surveyed for Clavtonia
lanceolata var . flava because the habitat appeared
to be suitable on the topographic maps, but the
species was not located within them. The actual
areas surveyed are smaller than the portions of
the sections indicated.
a. TIN, R7W, Section 9, NW^NW^
b. TIN, R7W, Section 31, SW^
TIS, R8W, Section 1, NW^NW^
Section 2, SE^NE^
c .
TIN,
R15W,
Section
11,
svihsvih
Section
14,
NW^NW^
d .
TIN,
R15W,
Section
15,
whsvih
e .
TIN,
R15W,
Section
3,
NE^iNW^, NW^NE^,
T2N,
R15W,
Section
34,
vihs\^h
f .
TIN,
R16W,
Section
33,
svihsvih
g-
T2N,
R9W,
Section 19,
NE^NW^
T2N,
RlOW,
Section
24,
NE^SE^
T2N,
RlOW,
Section
25,
NE^NE^
h.
T2N,
RlOW,
Section
28,
E^NW^
i .
T2N,
R14W,
Section
24,
SE^SW^
Section
25,
NE^NW^
j .
T2N,
R14W,
Section
27,
NE^NW^, NW^NE^
NE^SE^
T4N, R7W, Section 13, W^SW^
Section 25, NE^NW^
Section 35, NE^SW^
9
1.
T6N,
R7W, Section 23,
Section 25,
Section 26,
svihsv^h
mh
NE^NE^
m.
TIS,
RllW, Section 15,
NE^NW^
n.
TIS,
R17W, Section 26,
W^NE^
o.
HABITAT
T2S,
R17W, Section 15,
Section 16,
NW^SW^
NE^SE^
1. ASSOCIATED VEGETATION; Clavtonia lanceolata var.
occurs in moist meadows and poorly drained
swales at relatively high elevations. The
associated vegetation is dominated by grasses and
perennial forbs. Associated species observed in
1988 include:
Agropyron caninum (slender wheatgrass)
hrabis nuttallii (Nuttall's rockcress)
Artemisia cana (silver sagebrush)
Camassia guamash (common camas)
Danthonia intermedia (timber danthonia)
Dgschampsia cespitosa (tufted hair-grass)
Dodecatheon coni ugens (slimpod shooting star)
Festuca _ scabrella (rough fescue)
Geum trif lorum (old man's whiskers)
Lpmatium cous (Cous biscuit root)
Mgrtensia longiflora (small bluebells)
Microseris nigrescens (black-hairy microseris)
Polygonum bistortoides (American bistort)
Potent ilia diversi folia (diverse— leaved
cinquefoil)
Potentilla fruticosa (shrubby cinquefoil)
Ranunculus alismaefolius (dwarf plainleaf
buttercup)
f P.aga rhomboidea (diamondleaf saxifrage)
Senecio foetidus (sweet-marsh butterweed)
Wyeth i a helianthoides (whiteheaded Wyethia)
At three locations, c. lanceolata var. lanceolata
was found growing in close proximity to var.
f lava : Lockhart Meadows (001) , French Creek
(002) , and Vipond Park (003) . However, there
appears to be a difference in the habitats usually
occupied by the two varieties. Variety lanceolata
often occurs on fairly well-drained, open areas of
loamy to gravelly soil, sometimes on rather steep
slopes or along intermittent drainages. Variety
-fl a va generally prefers level to gently sloping
meadows with dense vegetation, often in large
basins or areas of outwash sediments. These
10
latter sites have heavier, more poorly drained
soils that are clayey in texture. The noteworthy
exceptions to these observations are at the French
Creek and Lockhart Meadows sites. At French
var. £.lava occurs in some areas on steeper
slopes (up to 10%), and var. lanceolate grows
directly adjacent to it in a few small open areas.
At Lockhart Meadows, the two varieties coexist in
a slightly higher area near the west end of the
site. Otherwise, the varieties do not overlap
significantly at any of the known locations.
TOPOGRAPHY: In Montana, populations of C.
lanceolata var. flava are found in level to gently
sloping areas that vary from zero to approximately
ten percent slope. It was found on all aspects.
Although found throughout the meadows and swales
where it occurs, C. lanceolata var. flava is
particularly abundant in depressions in these
habitats, especially at the Hebgen Lake (004)
site.
The known sites in Montana range from 1980 m.
(6500 ft.) to 2500 m. (8200 ft.) in elevation.
SOIL RELATIONSHIPS: In Montana, the areas
occupied by C. lanceolata var. flava are generally
comprised of heavy clay loam soils. These soils
are poorly drained, owing to the clayey soil
textures and gentle topography of the sites.
Also, snow accumulation is deep, and snowmelt is
often relatively late, in these high meadows.
This results in soil saturation through the early
growing season.
lanceolata var . flava does not appear to
be restricted to soils derived from specific
parent materials. The rock types associated with
the sites range from volcanic to sedimentary in
origin (Veseth and Montagne 1980). The Lockhart
Meadows (001) site is in an area of Udic/Ustic-
Frigid/Cryic Inceptisols (moderately sloping soils
on mountains) ; the French Creek (002) site is in
an area of Ustic-Cryic Mollisols (nearly level to
steep soils on fans, benches, and terraces) ; the
Vipond Park (003) site is in an area of
Udiyustic-Frigid/Cryic Mollisols-Inceptisols-
Alfisols (gently sloping soils on mountains) ; the
Hebgen Lake (004) site is in an area of Udic-
^^i^id/Cryic Inceptisols— Entisols (nearly level
soils on outwash terraces) ; and the Burton Park
(005) site is in an area of Udic-Cryic
Inceptisols-Alf isols (moderately sloping soils on
mountains) (Montagne ^ 1982) .
11
4. REGIONAL CLIMATE: The climate of southwestern
Montana can generally be classified as dry and
cool, although higher amounts of precipitation
occur in the mountains. For the distributional
area of C. lanceolata var. flava in Montana, the
nearest climatological stations are located at
East Anaconda (1680 m. (5511 ft.)). Divide
(1648 m. (5406 ft.)), and West Yellowstone
(2031 m. (6662 ft.)). Data for the period 1951-
1980 are provided by the U.S. Department of
Commerce (1982). At East Anaconda, the mean
annual precipitation was 35.15 cm. (13.84 in.);
the mean annual temperature was 5.78oc (42.4of),
the mean January minimum was -9.12°C (14.50F), and
the mean July maximum was 25.94<=C (78.7of). At
Divide, the mean annual precipitation was 31.47
cm. (12.39 in.); the mean annual temperature was
4.830c (40.70F), the mean January minimum was
-13.06OC (8.50F), and the mean July maximum was
26.330c (79.40F). These two stations are at
considerably lower elevations than the nearby
sites; the habitats are thus expected to be cooler
and moister than these recorded figures. The West
Yellowstone station is at nearly the same
elevation as the site near Hebgen Lake, which is
approximately 6 air miles to the west-northwest.
The mean annual precipitation was 56.74 cm. (22.34
in.); the mean annual temperature was I.6I0C
(34.90F), the mean January minimum was -17.83oc
(-O.I0F), and the mean July maximum was 26.33oc
(79.40F) .
F. POPULATION DEMOGRAPHY AND BIOLOGY
1. PHENOLOGY: In Montana, C. lanceolata var. flava
typically begins blooming by early May at the
lowest-elevation sites; peak flowering occurs in
inid- to late May. At higher elevations (i.e.,
Vipond Park (003)), flowering can persist into
June, and a few individuals have been observed
in bloom as late as the first week of July.
Yearly climatic differences would influence these
events, especially in the higher elevations where
dramatic weather shifts often take place.
Fruiting begins by late May; it is unknown how
long the fruits persist, but it is likely that
seed dispersal takes place rapidly after fruit
maturation.
2. POPULATION SIZE AND CONDITION; All five
populations of C. lanceolata var. flava in Montana
are very large. The number of plants at each site
was estimated in 1988. They range in size from
10,000+ to 35,000+ individuals. The populations
12
are typically subdivided into patchily distributed
large colonies, spread over extensive areas.
A summary of the population size and condition for
each site is given in Table 2.
3. REPRODUCTIVE BIOLOGY
a. TYPE OF REPRODUCTION: Clavtonla lanceolata
var. flava appears to reproduce by sexual
producticpn of seeds; these give rise to
plants with deep-seated corms. Vegetative
spread by growth or splitting of the corms
was not observed in specimens collected
during field surveys in 1988.
b. POLLINATION BIOLOGY: The details are
unknown, but it is possible that C.
lanceolata var. flava is predominantly self-
pollinating; the flowers close in the late
afternoon, and open again with warming during
the morning. This corolla closure is tight
enough that self-pollination may occur as a
result of the anthers being pressed toward
the stigma. However, insects (small bees)
were observed visiting the flowers at the
French Creek site on 18 May 1988; it is
possible that some pollination results from
such activity.
c. SEED DISPERSAL AND BIOLOGY: Details unknown;
the seeds of these perennial Clavtoni a taxa
are relatively large, and it is likely that
dispersal does not extend far from the
parental plants. The large seed size is
possibly an adaption allowing for efficient
germination and corm establishment in the
dense associated vegetation of the meadow
habitats .
G. POPULATION ECOLOGY
1. BIOLOGICAL INTERACTIONS
a. COMPETITION: As noted in I.F.3.C. above, C.
lanceolata var. flava occurs in the dense
grassland/ forb vegetation of meadow habitats.
However, annual growth and flowering occur
early in the growing season, prior to
vigorous growth by many of the associated
species. This phenological pattern may allow
for efficient germination and photosynthesis
especially considering the short stature of
mature individuals.
TABLE 2.
Population size and condition, C I avtoni a tanceolata var. f I ava , Hontana.
Occurrence number: 001
Site name: LOCKHART MEADOWS (CHAMPION PASS)
Acreage: 600
Population size and condition: EST. 30,000-35,000+ PLANTS, IN NUMEROUS LARGE COLONIES OVER
EXTENSIVE MEADOW AREAS; PLANTS RANGING FROM MOSTLY YELLOW-
FLOWERED TO CA. 2/3 WHITE-FLOWERED.
Occurrence number: 002
Site name: FRENCH CREEK (ANACONDA)
Acreage: 800
Population size and condition: CA. 10,000-20,000+ INDIVIDUALS, IN SEVEN AREAS; YELLOW
PLANTS OCCUR MIXED WITH WHITE ONES, IN VARYING RATIOS FROM
ALL YELLOW TO 1:100+ YELLOW:WHITE, THROUGHOUT THE AREA; SITE
PROBABLY SAME AS ORIGINAL "ANACONDA" RECORDS.
Occurrence number: 003
Site name: VI POND PARK
Acreage: 800
Population size and condition: CA. 10,000+ PLANTS; MIXED YELLOW AND WHITE, GRADING TO WHITE
ONLY TO THE SOUTH; RELOCATION OF 1982 SITING BY K. SCOW.
Occurrence number: 004
Site name: HEBGEN LAKE
Acreage: 1200
Population size and condition: EST. 15,000-20,000+ INDIVIDUALS, IN TWO MAIN AREAS; PLANTS
VIRTUALLY ALL YELLOW- FLOWERED, WITH ONLY A FEW WHITE-
FLOWERED INDIVIDUALS OBSERVED (POPULATION UNUSUAL IN THIS
RESPECT).
Occurrence number: 005
Site name: BURTON PARK
Acreage: 200
Population size and condition: CA. 16,100 PLANTS IN SIX SUBPOPULATIONS; ONLY WHITE- FLOWERED
PLANTS OBSERVED.
14
b. HERBIVORY: During surveys in 1988, it did
not appear that the habitats occupied by C.
lanceolata var. f lava had been influenced by
recent heavy grazing by domestic livestock.
Much of the occupied habitat at three sites
(Lockhart Meadows (001), Hebgen Lake (004),
and Burton Park (005)) is privately owned,
and grazing appeared to be mainly restricted
to these inholdings. Also, the season of
grazing use probably occurs primarily after
the flowering and fruiting times for the
taxon. Thus, it does not appear that serious
impacts from livestock grazing are occurring
under present management practices. However,
potential impacts to the habitats later in
the growing season should be assessed, to
determine if grazing use is influencing soil
erosion patterns or resulting in weed
invasion.
H. LAND OWNERSHIP
1. The land ownership for the five occurrences
currently known in Montana is given below/ four of
the five sites occur in areas of mixed ownership
that include U.S. Forest Service lands. The exact
locations are provided in Table 1, p. 6.
a. U.S.D.A. FOREST SERVICE:
i. Beaverhead National Forest, Wise River
Ranger District:
French Creek (002) - portion
Vipond Park (003) - all
ii. Deerlodge National Forest;
Jefferson Ranger District:
Lockhart Meadows (001) — portion
Butte Ranger District:
Burton Park (005) - portion
iii. Gallatin National Forest, Hebgen Lake
Ranger District:
Hebgen Lake (004) - portion
15
b. U.S.D.I. BUREAU OF LAND MANAGEMENT;
i. Butte District Office, Headwaters
Resource Area;
French Creek (002) - portion
C. STATE OF MONTANA;
i. Department of Fish, Wildlife and Parks,
Mt. Haggin Game Management Area;
French Creek (002) - portion
ii. Department of State Lands;
French Creek (002) - portion
e. PRIVATE OWNERSHIP (PARTIAL);
Lockhart Meadows (001)
Hebgen Lake (004)
Burton Park (005)
II. ASSESSMENT AND MANAGEMENT RECOMMENDATIONS
A. THREATS TO CURRENTLY KNOWN POPULATIONS (MONTANA);
Based on field observations in 1988, the five known
populations of Claytonia lanceolata var. flava
currently appear to be stable. They are large, and
cover extensive areas. However, the sites are
potentially threatened by several land uses, including:
1.) road construction, 2.) mining, and 3.) recreational
use. Potential impacts from grazing and timber
harvesting are possible, but it does not appear that
these threats are imminent. The sites that may
potentially be influenced by these activities are
reviewed below:
1. ROAD CONSTRUCTION; All known sites could
potentially be impacted by further road
construction, and/or maintenance of existing
routes. The habitats of all five populations are
partially bisected by major U.S. Forest Service
access routes. if more roads are constructed it
IS expected that additional portions of the sites
would be eliminated. The site where potential
road construction seemed to be most imminent is
Vipond Park (003); the potential for increased
mining activity in this area (discussed below)
might result in the construction of new roads in
the meadow habitats.
16
2. MINING: The site that could be most impacted by
this activity is Vipond Park (003) . Nearby areas
in Quartz Hill Gulch (Daisy Vein, Great Western,
Knoby, and Lone Pine mines) have been extensively
mined in the past. In addition, test pits and
claim stakes are located in the sparsely forested
areas just north of the site along the Quartz Hill
Gulch road (east side of Gray Jockey Peak) . The
increase in mining activity throughout western
Montana, especially for gold, may result in
expanded exploration in the Vipond Park area, and
future mining operations should take this
population of C. lanceolata var. f lava into
consideration. The four other populations do not
appear to be threatened by existing or potential
mining at this time.
3. RECREATIONAL USE: Recreational use of areas in
Vipond Park (003) poses potential threats to the
C. lanceolata var. f lava population in the
meadows. Off— road vehicle disturbance was
noticeable; a number of jeep trails have been
formed in the turf of the meadows, and these
trails are deeply rutted in many places. The main
time period for this use appears to be during the
spring, when off-road travel to avoid snow drifts
and puddles is freguent, and also possibly during
the fall hunting season. Long-term use of the
trails may eventually result in local soil
compaction or erosion, which could have an impact
on the corms of the plants. Portions of the
Lockhart Meadows (001) population are traversed by
Deerlodge N.F. Rd. #82, and some plants were
probably destroyed during construction. Much of
the meadow habitat at this site is privately
owned, however, and it did not appear to be
seriously impacted by off-road vehicle use at the
present time. The French Creek (002) site is
traversed by State Highway 274, and in part by
Beaverhead N.F. Rd. #1000 and other little-used
jeep trails. The Hebgen Lake (004) site is
traversed in part by Gallatin N.F. Rd. #167, which
serves as a major access route to the lake.
However, most of the habitat area near Hebgen Lake
IS privately owned ranch land. Serious off-road
impacts were not observed at either of the latter
two sites.
B. MANAGEMENT P^CTICES AND RESPONSE: No detailed
information is available regarding the response of C.
w var. flava to management practices (grazing,
habitat alteration through road construction or
mining) . Because the taxon blooms and fruits early in
the growing season, and persists as deep-seated corms
17
approximately three to five inches beneath the soil
surface, impacts from grazing later in the season are
not expected to be intense. Once uprooted or exposed
by major soil disturbance or erosion, however, it is
not expected that the corms would survive. Also, no
evidence was found during field surveys to indicate
that Q. lanceolata var. f lava is capable of agressively
invading disturbed areas such as roadbanks or rock
pits; it appears to be adapted to undisturbed, moist
montane grasslands.
RECOMMENDATIONS FOR MAINTAINING VIABLE POPULATIONS;
The following recommendations are made to insure the
long-term persistence of viable populations of C.
lanceolata var. f lava on U.S. Forest Service lands in
Montana:
Protection of natural habitats which currently
support populations. All known populations occur,
wholly or partially, on U.S. Forest Service lands.
They should be considered in any habitat
alteration projects which may occur in their
vicinity. if disturbance is proposed within or
near the population areas, detailed surveys should
be conducted, and mitigation measures developed to
reduce or eliminate project impacts. The most
likely impacts may be from increased mining
activity in the Vipond Park area in the Pioneer
Mountains .
It should be noted that the electrophoretic
analysis revealed genetic differentiation among
populations of C. lanceolata var. f lava (see
Appendix A, pp. 41-42). Thus, it will be
important to maintain all known populations, in
order to protect the full range of genetic
variation within the taxon.
Notification of weed control and road maintenance
crews , _ range conservationists, and all other
appropriate U.S. Forest Service personnel, of
population locations. Maps detailing the site
locations should be provided to all such
personnel, to aid in reducing or eliminating
unnecessary impacts to these areas.
Monitoring ^ of — early- season livestock grazing in
native — habitats . As noted above, grazing does not
currently appear to pose a threat to the known
populations. However, changes in grazing use
patterns, especially in the Vipond Park area,
should be closely monitored if early season use is
planned.
18
D. RECOMMENDATIONS FOR FURTHER ASSESSMENT:
1* Further field surveys in potential habitat-.s in
southwestern Montana. Although likely montane
grassland habitat was surveyed in the vicinity of
Fleecer Mountain, Elk Park, the southeast flank of
the Anaconda-Pintlar Range, and along the
Continental Divide north of Butte, there are other
areas of potential occurrence in southwestern
Montana. The areas most likely to contain
additional habitat occur in the Gravelly Range;
large meadow areas are visible in the southern
part of the range from the vicinity of Reynolds
Pass. Though less likely to contain large, level
meadow areas, potential habitat might also occur
in the Tobacco Root, Madison, and Gallatin ranges.
Also, it is likely that the taxon could be found
in Yellowstone National Park (mainly in Wyoming) ;
the area lies between known sites in southwestern
Montana and northwestern Wyoming, and contains
areas of extensive moist grasslands at high
elevations .
2 • Establishment of monitoring studies on U.S. Forest
Service lands. Permanent belt transects, using
the methods of Lesica (1987), may be useful in
assessing any future impacts that might arise from
grazing or mining activities.
I. SUMMARY: Claytonia lanceolata var. flava is a regional
endemic currently known from seven sites in the
northern Rocky Mountains: five locations in
southwestern Montana (Beaverhead, Deer Lodge, Gallatin,
Jefferson, and Silver Bow counties) , one location in
Idaho (Fremont County) , and one location in Wyoming
(Fremont County) . Field surveys in 1988 resulted in
the rediscovery of two historical locations (Lockhart
Meadows (Champion Pass) and French Creek (Anaconda) ) ,
and the discovery of one previously unrecorded site
(Burton Park) . Surveys of the two recently discovered
sites (Vipond Park (003) and Hebgen Lake (004)) showed
them to be more extensive than previously documented.
All five populations in Montana occur wholly or
partially on U.S. Forest Service lands; it has been
found on the Beaverhead, Deerlodge, . and Gallatin
National Forests. Claytonia lanceolata var. flava is a
Category 2 (federal candidate) taxon, being considered
for listing under the federal Endangered Species Act of
1973 by the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service. In
addition, it is listed as a sensitive plant in Region 1
of the U.S. Forest Service. Systematic studies, which
are currently in progress, indicate that C. lanceolata
flava is very distinct from C. lanceolata var.
lanceolata, possibly at the species level. Final
19
results will be provided when available. The five
known populations of C. lanceolata var. f lava in
Montana are all very large, and currently appear to be
stable. However, potential impacts resulting from road
construction, mining, and recreational use should be
closely monitored, to insure that listing of Clavtoni a
lanceolata var. f lava under the federal Endangered
Species Act does not become necessary in the future.
20
III. LITERATURE CITED
Davis, R.J. 1966. The North American perennial species of
Clavtonia. Brittonia 18: 285-303.
Dorn, R.D. 1984. Vascular Plants of Montana. Mountain West
Publishing, Cheyenne, Wyoming. 276 pp.
Hitchcock, C.L., A. Cronquist, and M. Ownbey. 1969. Vascular
Plants of the Pacific Northwest, Part 1. University of
Washington Press, Seattle. 914 pp.
Lesica, P. , G. Moore, K.M. Peterson, and J.H. Rumely. 1984.
Vascular Plants of Limited Distribution in Montana.
Monograph No. 2, Montana Academy of Sciences, Supplement to
the Proceedings, Vol. 43. 61 pp.
Lesica, P. 1987. A technique for monitoring nonrhizomatous,
perennial plant species in permanent belt transects.
Natural Areas Journal 7: 65-68.
Montagne, C. , L.C. Munn, G.A. Nielsen, J.W. Rogers, and H.E.
Hunter. 1982. Soils of Montana. Montana Agricultural
Experiment Station, Montana State University, Bulletin 744.
95 pp. , map.
Nelson, A. 1900. New plants from Wyoming. Bull. Torrev Club
27: 258-274.
Nelson, A. 1926. Miscellaneous new species. Univ. Wyomina
Publ. Bot. 1: 122-143.
Shelly, J.s. 1988. Plant Species of Special Concern. Montana
Natural Heritage Program, Helena. 12 pp. (mimeo) .
U.S. Department of Commerce. 1982. Monthly Normals of
Temperature, Precipitation, and Heating and Cooling Degree
Days 1951-80. National Oceanic and Atmospheric
Administration, Climatography of the United States No. 81
2 3 pp .
Veseth, R. , and C. Montagne. 1980. Geologic Parent Materials of
Montana Soils. Montana Agricultural Experiment Station,
Montana State University, Bulletin 721. 117 pp.
21
IV.
ELEMENT OCCURRENCE PRINT-OUTS AND MAPS (PP. 22-31)
22
ELEMENT OCCURRENCE RECORD
EOCODE: PDPOR0309a.001
NAME: CLAYTONIA LANCEOLATA VAR FLAVA
COMNAME: YELLOW SPRINGBEAUTY
MAR6NUM:
SURVEYSITE
EORANKCOMM
SURVEYDATE
SRANK: SI
QUADCODE:
QUADNAME :
EORANK: A
3 TENTEN: 8,1 IDENT; Y
LOCKHART MEADOWS (CHAMPION PASS)
VERY EXTENSIVE POPULATION, IN FAIRLY UNDISTURBED AREA.
1988-06-04 LASTOBS: 1988-06-04 FIRSTOBS: 1966 GRANK :
STATE: MT
4611225
BUTTE NORTH (15’)
LAT : 461409 LONG: 1123325 S:
TOWNRANGE: 006N008W SECTION:
E4,365+
PHYSPROV: NR WATERSHED:
DIRECTIONS:
COUNTYNAME: MTJEFF
G5T1
461228
35
N: 461455
MERIDIAN:
PRECISION:
E: 1123155
PR TRSCOMM:
SC
W: 1123341
NE4,25E2,a6S
00.00
GENDESC;
ELEV:
EODATAi
10020006 RIVERREACH: 10020006
ALSO T6NR7W:30NW4,31SW4;T5NR8W: 1 ,2NE4NE4. POWDERHORN CREEK
AND LOCKHART MEADOWS, UPPER BOULDER RIVER DRAINAGE, 2. 6-3.0
AIR MILES ENE TO SOUTHEAST OF CHAMPION PASS.
MOIST, POORLY DRAINED MONTANE MEADOWS; WITH DODECATHEON
CONJUGENS, POLYGONUM BISTORTOIDES , POTENTILLA FRUTICOSA,
RANUNCULUS ALISMAEFOLIUS.
6550 SIZE: 600
EST. 30,000-35,000+ PLANTS, IN NUMEROUS LARGE COLONIES OVER
EXTENSIVE MEADOW AREAS; PLANTS RANGING FROM MOSTLY YELLOW-
FLOWERED TO CA. 2/3 WHITE-FLOWERED.
COMMENTS: VOUCHERS-SHELLY , J.S. (1417), 1988, MONTU; PROBABLE
RELOCATION OF TRASK, F. (377), 1966, MONT.
MACODEl: PRI VATEOWNMTUS CONTAINEDl : N MACODEE; FFSNFDEER2MTUS CONTAINEDE:
MAC0DE3; CGNTAINED3; ADLMAS: MORELAN: MOREPROT ■
MQREMGMT: B SITECODE: ( urttrKu i .
SITENAME:
OWNER: PRIVATE; DEERLODGE N.F.
OWNERCOMM:
PROTCOMM:
MGMTCOMM:
MONITOR: MDNITDRNUM:
BESTSOURCE: SCHASSBERGER, L.A. 1988. FIELD SURVEYS IN JEFFERSON,
MADISON, SILVERBOW, AND BEAVERHEAD COUNTIES.
SOURCECODE: F88SCH03MTUS PNDSCH02MTUS SSBSHEUMMTUS PNDSHE01MTUS PNDLES01MTUS
Ua5LES0aMTUS S66TRAMTMTUS
DATASENS: N BOUNDARIES: Y PHOTOS: Y OWNERINFO:
TRANSCRIBR: 88-08-09 JSS CDREV: Y MAPPER: 88-08-09 JSS QC • Y
UPDATE: 88-08-09 JSS
23
ELEMENT OCCURRENCE RECORD
EOCODE: PDPOR0309e . 002
NAME: CLAYTON I A LANCEDLATA VAR FLAVA
COMNAME: YELLOW SPRINBBEAUTY
MARGNUM: 4 TENTEN: 7,5 IDENT: Y EORANK : A
SURVEYS I TE; FRENCH CREEK (ANACONDA)
EORANKCOMM: VERY LARGE POPULATION, AREA FAIRLY UNDISTURBED.
SURVEYDATE: 1988-05-17 LASTOBS; 1988-05-18 FIRSTOBS: 1911 GRANK : GSTl
SRANK: SI STATE: MT COUNTYNAME : MTDEER
QUADCODE: 4511381
QUADNAME; LINCOLN GULCH PRECISION: SC
LAT : 455641 LONG: 1130225 S: 455607 N: 455832 E; 1130032 W: 1130330
TOWNRANGE: 002N012W SECTION: 12 MERIDIAN: PR TRSCOMM: NW4,l,2,lli+
PHYSPROV: NR WATERSHED; 10020004 RIVERREACH; 1701020104500.00
DIRECTIONS: ALSO T3NR11W:31 ;T3NR12W:25,35,36. FRENCH AND CALIFORNIA
CREEKS, MT. HAGGIN WILDLIFE MANAGEMENT AREA, ALONG HWY. 274
CA. 17.5-20 MILES SSW OF ANACONDA.
GENDESC; MOIST MONTANE GRASSLANDS; WITH DESCHAMPSIA CESPITOSA,
DANTHONIA INTERMEDIA, DODECATHEON CONJUGENS, POLYGONUM
BISTORTOIDES, POTENT ILL A DI VERSI FOLIA , LOMATIUM COUS,
ELEV: 6500 SIZE: 800
EODATA; CA. 10,000-20,000+ INDIVIDUALS, IN SEVEN AREAS; YELLOW
PLANTS OCCUR MIXED WITH WHITE ONES, IN VARYING RATIOS FROM
ALL YELLOW TO 1:100+ YELLOW; WHITE, THROUGHOUT THE AREA; SITE
PROBABLY SAME AS ORIGINAL "ANACONDA" RECORDS - SEE GMF, EF.
COMMENTS; VOUCHERS-SHELLY , J.S. (1413) &> P. LESICA, 1988, MONTU;
ALBRIGHT (807), 1911, MONT; BLANKINSHIP (768), POM.
MACODEl; SFWWMMTHAIMTUS CONTAINED!:' N MACODEE ; FBLD0BUTT4MTUS CONTAINEDE;
N
MAC0DE3; FFSNFBEAVEMTUS C0NTAINED3; N ADLMAS; Y MORELAN; MDREPROT;
MOREMGMT; B SITECODE:
SITENAME:
OWNER; STATE OF MONTANA, BLM, USFS
OWNERCOMM:
PROTCOMM:
MGMTCOMM:
MONITOR: MONITORNUM:
BESTSOURCE; SHELLY, J.S. 1988. FIELD SURVEYS IN SOUTHWESTERN MONTANA OF
a MAY, 17-18 MAY, 25-27 MAY, 4 & 10 JUNE.
SOURCECODE: F88SHE01MTUS PNDSHE01MTUS PNDLES01MTUS S88SHEUMMTUS PNDCAM01MTUS
SllALBMTMTUS
DATASENS: N BOUNDARIES: Y PHOTOS; Y OWNERINFO:
TRANSCRIBR; 88—08—03 JSS CDREV: Y MAPPER: 88-08-03 JSS QC ■ Y
UPDATE: 88-12-01 JSS
24
ELEMENT OCCURRENCE RECORD
EOCODE: PDPOR0309a . 003
NAME: CLAYTON I A LANCEOLATA VAR FLAVA
COMNAME: YELLOW SPRINBBEAUTY
MARGNUM
SURVEYS ITE
EORANKCOMM
SURVEYDATE
SRANK: SI
QUADCODE:
QUADNAME:
3 TENTEN: 4,3 I DENT: Y EORANK ; AB
VI POND PARK
ROADS, MININS ACTIVITIES AND GRAZ I NS ARE POTENTIAL THREATS.
198B-06-07 LASTOBS: 1988-06-10 FIRSTOBS: 1982 GRANK :
STATE: MT
4511268
VIPOND PARK (15)
LAT : 454154 LONG: 1125508 Sj
TOWNRANGE: 002S011W SECTION:
E4,+
PHYSPROV:
DIRECTIONS
COUNTYNAME : MTBEAV
B5T1
453943
02
N ; 454207
MERIDIAN:
PRECISION:
E; 1125320
PR TRSCOMM:
SC
W: 1125607
1N2,11W2,S2S
NR
WATERSHED:
GENDESC;
ELEV:
EODATA;
10020004 RIVERREACH: 1002000415600.00
ALSO 12SW4SW4,13NW4,14N2;T1SR11W;35SE4. PIONEER MOUNTAINS,
CA. 8 MILES SOUTH OF DEWEY, UP QUARTZ HILL GULCH RD. TO
VIPOND PARK; EAST OF ROAD.
OPEN PARK LAND, WITH LATE SNOWMELT AND POOR DRAINAGE; WITH
POTENT ILL A FRUTICOSA, POLYGONUM BISTORTOIDES, RANUNCULUS
ALISMAEFOLIUS, GEUM TRIFLORUM, MERTENSIA LONGIFLORA.
8200 SIZE; 800
CA. 10,000+ PLANTS; MIXED YELLOW AND WHITE, GRADING TO WHITE
ONLY TO THE SOUTH; RELOCATION OF 1982 SITING BY K. SCOW.
COMMENTS: VOUCHER-SCHASSBERGER , L.A. (206), 1988, MONTU; SCOW, K.
MACODEl ;
(S.N.), 1982, WESTECH (HELENA,
FFSNFBEAVEMTUS CONTAINED! : Y
MT) .
MAC0DE2:
C0NTAINED2
MACODES;
MOREMGMT;
SITENAME;
CONTAINED3:
B SITECODE:
ADLMAS:
MORELAN;
MDREPROT;
OWNER: BEAVERHEAD NATIONAL FOREST
OWNERCOMM:
PROTCOMM:
MGMTCOMM:
MONITOR: MONITORNUM;
BESTSOURCE: SCHASSBERGER , L.A. 1988. FIELD SURVEYS IN JEFFERSON,
MADISON, SILVERBOW, AND BEAVERHEAD COUNTIES.
SOURCECODE: F8BSCH03MTUS PNDSCH02MTUS S88SCHUMMTUS PNDSHE01MTUS PNDSCO01MTUS
S88SHEUMMTUS S82SC0WTMTUS
DATASENS: N BOUNDARIES: Y PHOTOS: Y OWNERINFO:
TRANSCRIBR: 88—08—03 LAS CDREV: Y MAPPER: 88—08—09 JSS QC ■ Y
UPDATE; 88-12-01 JSS
25
ELEMENT OCCURRENCE RECORD
EOCODE : PDPOR0309a . 004
NAME; CLAYTONIA LANCEDLATA VAR FLAVA
COMNAME: YELLOW SPRINBBEAUTY
MARGNUM: 1 TENTEN: B,S IDENT: Y EORANK: B
SURVEYS I TE: HEBOEN LAKE
EORANKCOMM: EXTENSIVE OCCURRENCE, BUT HABITAT ALTERED IN MANY LOCATIONS.
SURVEYDATE: 1988-05-E6 LASTOBS: 19B8-05-27 FIRSTOBS: 1986 GRANK : G5T1
SRANK: SI STATE: MT COUNTYNAME: MTGALL
QUADCODE; 4411162
QUADNAME: MADISON ARM PRECISION: SC
LAT : 444338 LONG: 1111359 S: 444136 N: 444342 E; 1111240 W; 1111415
TOWNRANGE: 013S004E SECTION; 03 MERIDIAN; PR TRSCOMM: SW4,4SE4,9NE
4,i0Na,+
PHYSPRQV; MR WATERSHED: 10020007 RIVERREACH: 1002000707000.00
DIRECTIONS: ALSO 14NW4, 15,23NW4. SOUTH OF HEBGEN LAKE, WEST SIDE OF
MADISON VALLEY, CA. 0.5-3 AIR MILES SOUTH OF LONESOMEHURST
CAMPGROUND, EAST AND SOUTH OF HEBGEN LAKE RD. (#167).
GENDESC: MOIST GRASSLANDS, IN LOAM AND CLAY LOAM BOILS; WITH WYETHIA
HELIANTHOIDES, CAMASSIA QUAMASH, POLYGONUM BISTORTOIDES ,
POTENTILLA FRUTICOSA, ARTEMISIA CANA, DODECATHEON.
ELEV; 6550 SIZE: 1200
EQDATA; EST . 15,000-20,000+ INDIVIDUALS, IN TWO MAIN AREAS; PLANTS
VIRTUALLY ALL YELLOW-FLOWERED, WITH ONLY A FEW WHITE-
FLOWERED INDIVIDUALS OBSERVED (POPULATION UNUSUAL IN THIS
RESPECT) .
COMMENTS; VOUCHERS-SHELLY , J.S. (1419) & P. LESICA, 1988, MONTU;
NIXON, J. (1), 1987, MONT.
MACODEl: PRIVATEOWNMTUS CONTAINEDl : N MACODEE : FFSNFGALL7MTUS CONTAINEDS-
N
MAC0DE3: C0NTAINED3: ADLMAS: MORELAN: MDREPROT ;
MOREMGMT: B SITECODE:
SITENAME:
OWNER; PRIVATE; GALLATIN N.F.
OWNERCOMM:
PROTCOMM:
MGMTCOMM;
MONITOR: MONITORNUM:
BESTSOURCE: SHELLY, J.S. 1988. FIELD SURVEYS IN SOUTHWESTERN MONTANA OF
8 MAY, 17-18 MAY, 25-27 MAY, 4 & 10 JUNE.
SOURCECQDE: FB8SHE01MTUS PNDSHE01MTUS PNDLES01MTUS S8BSHEUMMTUS PNDNIX01MTUS
S87NIXMTMTUS
DATASENS: N BOUNDARIES; Y PHOTOS: Y OWNERINFO:
TRANSCRIBR: 88-08—05 JSS CDREV: Y MAPPER: 88-08-05 JSS QC ■ Y
UPDATE: 88-08-08 JSS
26
ELEMENT OCCURRENCE RECORD
EOCODE ; PDPOR03092 . 005
NAME; CLAYTONIA LANCEOLATA VAR FLAVA
COMNAME: YELLOW SPRINGBEAUTY
MARGNUM: 4 TENTEN: 7,8 IDENT: Y EORANK : A
SURVEYS I TE; BURTON PARK
EORANKCOMM; LARGE, REPRESENTATIVE POPULATION; ALL WHITE-FLOWERED. '
SURVEYDATE: 1988-06-05 LASTOBS: 1988-06-05 FIRSTOBS: 1988 GRANK : G5T1
SRANK: 91 STATE; MT COUNTYNAME; MTSILV
QUADCODE; 4511275
QUADNAME; BUTTE SOUTH (15) PRECISION; SC
LAT; 454840 LONG; 1123447 S: 454746 N: 454913 E; 1123345 W: 1123652
TOWNRANGE: 001N008W SECTION: 27 MERIDIAN: PR TRSCOMM: SW4NE4,NE4NW
4,E2SE4+
PHVSPROV: NR WATERSHED; 10020004 RIVERREACH:
DIRECTIONS: ALSO 22S2SW4 , 26SW4SW4 , 35NW4NW4 , 20E2SE4 . HIGHLAND MOUNTAINS,
BURTON PARK AND UPPER NORTH FORK TUCKER CREEK, CA. 12 AIR
MILES SSW. OF BUTTE; ALONG HIGHLAND RD. (N.F. RD. #84).
GENDESC; LARGE LEVEL MEADOW, WITH POTENT I LLA FRUTICOSA, DODECATHEON
CONJUGENS, POLYGONUM BISTORTOIDES, GEUM TRIFLORUM.
ELEV; 6880 SIZE: E00
EODATA; CA. 16,100 PLANTS IN 6 SUBPOPULATIONS; ONLY WHITE-FLOWERED
PLANTS OBSERVED.
COMMENTS; VOUCHER-SCHASSBERGER , L.A. (204). 1988. MONTU.
MACODEl: PRI VATEOWNMTUS CONTAINEDl ; N MACDDE2; FFSNFDEER4MTUS CONTAINEDE;
N
MAC0DE3; C0NTAINED3; ADLMAS ; MORELAN: MOREPROT*
MOREMGMT : SITECODE;
SITENAME;
OWNER: PRIVATE; DEERLODGE N.F.
OWNERCOMM;
PROTCOMM:
MGMTCOMM;
MONITOR: MONITORNUM:
BESTSOURCE: SCHASSBERGER , L.A. 1988. FIELD SURVEYS IN JEFFERSON,
MADISON, SILVER BOW AND BEAVERHEAD COUNTIES, 5-9 JUNE.
SOURCECODE: F88SCH03MTUS PNDSCH02MTUS S8BSCHUMMTUS
DATASENS: N BOUNDARIES; Y PHOTOS: Y OWNERINFO:
TRANSCRIBE : 88-12-13 LAS CDREV: Y MAPPER: 88-12-13 LAS QC- N
UPDATE: 88-12-14 JSS
uses Butte North Quadrangle (15')
Claytonia lanceolata var. flava
MONTANA
uses Lincoln Gulch Quadrangle (7.5*)
Claytonia lanceolata var. flava
29
MONTANA
30
MONTANA
Claytonia lanceolata var. flava
MONTANA
uses Butte South Quadrangle (15')
Claytonia lanceolata var. flava
32
V.
PHOTOGRAPHS (PP. 33-40)
33
A
Claytonia lanceolata var. f lava - yellow-flowered
individual (Hebgen Lake (004) site) .
34
Claytonia lanceolata var. flava - white-flowered
individual (French Creek (002) site) .
35
C.
Claytonia lanceolata var. flava - cluster of yellow-
flowered individuals (Lockhart Meadows (001) site) .
36
D. Claytonia lanceolata var. f lava - white- and yellow-
flowered individuals growing together; note dense
associated vegetation (French Creek (002) site).
37
E.
Claytonia lanceolata var
in grassy swales (Hebgen
flava - habitat;
Lake (004 ) site) .
plants occur
38
Claytonia lanceolata var. flava - habitat (Lockhart
Meadows (001) site) .
39
Claytonia lanceolata var.
(005) site) .
G.
flava
habitat (Burton Park
40
Claytonia lanceolata var. flava - habitat; Anaconda-
Pintlar Range in background (French Creek (002) site) .
41
APPENDIX A.
Summary of genetic differences amongst populations
of Claytonia lanceolata vars. flava and
lanceolata , as determined by electrophoresis
(analysis conducted by Dr. Douglas Soltis'
laboratory. Department of Botany, Washington State
University). Populations are labeled as follows:
1.) Variety flava (yellow and white forms):
Lockhart Meadows (001) - CHAMPION YELLOW
CHAMPION WHITE
French Creek (002) - ANACON YELLOW
ANACON WHITE
Vipond Park (003) - VIPOND YELLOW
VIPOND WHITE
Hebgen Lake (004) - HEBGEN YELLOW
Wyoming - WYOMING YELLOW
WYOMING WHITE
2.) Variety lanceolata :
Raynolds Pass - HEBGEN LANCEOL
French Creek - ANACON LANCEOL
Champion Pass - CHAMPION LANCEO
Vipond Park - VIPOND LANCEOL
Wyoming (Togwotee Pass) - WYOMING LANCEOL
PHENOGRAM OF NEI'S GENETIC IDENTITY RELATIONSHIPS
AMONG POPULATIONS OF CLAYTON lA LANCEOLATA
SIMILARITY
0.60
+ - +--
0.67 0.73 0.80
- + - + - ^ - ^ -
0.87 0.93
--+ - + - + -
1.00
--+
****
HEBGEN YELLOW
kkkkkkkk
k
* *
WYOMING YELLOW
k
kkkk
k
k
WYOMING WHITE
****************************J^*^^^^^^^
★
k
ANACON YELLOW
"k
k
kkkk
k
k
k k
ANACON WHITE
k
kk
k
k
kk kk
VIPOND YELLOW
k
kkkk
^k
k
kkkkkkk kk
k
VIPOND WHITE
k
k
k k
CHAMPION YELLOW
k
*****
k
*
CHAMPION WHITE
k
k
******
HEBGEN LANCEOL
k
**
k
*******
ANACON LANCEOL
kkkkkkkkkk
k
***kkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkk
* *****
*
WYOMING LANCEOL
k
k
*******
CHAMPION LANCEO
**************
VIPOND LANCEOL
+ - 4- - ^ - _
0.60 0.67
--+ - + - + - + - + —
0.73 0.80 0.87
-+-
- --J- - ^ - ^
0.93 1.00
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